Graphene Oxide List
Graphene is the basic structural unit for constructing fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphite. Graphene has many unique physical and chemical properties, such as high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high hardness and high strength. It has broad application prospects in the fields of electronics, information, energy, materials and biomedicine. However, due to the powerful van der Waals forces, graphene generally is hydrophobic and prone to agglomeration. In order to solve this problem, graphene oxide is developed. Graphene oxide is the derivative of graphene. The structure of graphene oxide is the same as graphene, but a large number of oxygen-containing groups exist on the graphene oxide. Compared with graphene, graphene oxide has many excellent properties. Graphene oxide not only has good wettability and surface activity, but also can be exfoliated by small molecules or polymers after intercalation, playing a very important role in improving the comprehensive properties of materials including thermal, electrical and mechanical properties.
Applications:
- Sensors field: Because the surface of graphene oxide contains hydroxyl group, carboxyl group and other oxygen-containing groups, it has good water-solubility and excellent biocompatibility. Furthermore, graphene oxide is an excellent energy receptor during energy transfer which is well suitable to the construction of fluorescence sensors and other sensors.
Figure 1. A sensor designed by graphene oxide.
- Cancer treatment field: Photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy are important means of cancer treatment. Photothermal therapy uses the photothermal conversion property of materials in the near-infrared light region to generate excessive heat inside tumor cells, which induces the cancer cells to suffer thermal damage and eventually causes the apoptosis of cancer cells. In addition, photodynamic therapy uses the singlet oxygen that is produced by photosensitizer under radiation conditions to destroy cancer cells. Graphene oxide has high photothermal conversion performance in the near infrared region, so it can be used as a photothermal treatment reagent itself. At the same time, with the highly effective load capacity and excellent chemical activity, graphene oxide can be further combined with chemotherapy drugs or photosensitizers to achieve collaborative treatment.
Figure 2. An example of graphene oxide applied in cancer treatment.
- Bioimaging field: In recent years, the development of bioimaging technology has been extremely rapid. Bioimaging technology, especially, fluorescent molecular imaging technology, has played a significant role in promoting the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer, drug delivery and real-time study of pharmacokinetics in vivo. With the excellent photoluminescence properties, graphene oxide has attracted much attention in the field of bioimaging field.
- The others: Graphene oxide is also widely used in many other fields, including catalysis field, solar cells field, lithium-ion batteries field, supercapacitors field and the others.
Classification:
According to the forms and states, graphene oxide can be divided into graphene oxide pastes, graphene oxide sheets, graphene oxide powders and graphene oxide dispersed solutions.
References
- Toda K, Furue R, Hayami S. Recent progress in applications of graphene oxide for gas sensing: A review[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2015, 878:43-53.
- Han, K.I., Kim, S., Lee, I.G., Kim, J.P., Kim, J.-H., Hong, S.W., Cho, B.J., Hwang, W.S. Compliment Graphene Oxide Coating on Silk Fiber Surface via Electrostatic Force for Capacitive Humidity Sensor Applications[J]. Sensors, 2017, 17, 407.
